The town of Passchendaele before and after the World War One 10 Nov. 2022. The lowest point for the New Zealand battalions came in October around the village In the end, events played out because none of the doubters had the clarity, energy, and determination necessary to intervene decisively and close the offensive down. question do we still do this and are we going to do it again. [14] J. W. D, Ypres Memories, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. Cartoons like 'Blighty Leave' are indicitive of the good-humoured content that was published in the 'Chronicles', especially before the Battle of Passchendaele. Passchendaele before and after. Looks just like that after a There used to be woods and trees in Italy and Greece. download word file, 3 pages0.0 The author of this account was Chronicles editor Clutha Mackenzie, son of New Zealands High Commissioner to London, Sir Thomas Mackenzie. The Lloyds Bank Coprolite, the largest fossilised human Press J to jump to the feed. The U-Boat bases in Belgium . Why not make the world the best we can while we're here? This cartoon by T Kelsey was published in Vol. Village of Passchendaele before and after the battle. The Third Battle of Ypres or Passchendaele as it is popularly known was bitterly contested at the highest levels of the British state before, during, and after it was fought. Passendale - Wikipedia The Bolsheviks declared for immediate peace without annexations or indemnities, denounced the war as an imperialist slaughter, published all the secret treaties they could lay their hands on to prove the point, and called on soldiers everywhere workers and peasants in uniform to stop fighting, fraternise with the enemy, and make revolution at home. The Change of Medicine and Healthcare Throughout the First World War. The soldiers slept in the mud, crawled in the mud, fought in the mud, and drowned in the huge craters left by heavy bombing. When he summoned the Canadian Division, an elite formation, to storm the Passchendaele Ridge in the closing weeks of the offensive, the Canadian commander, Sir Arthur Currie, asked again and again why Haig felt the ridge had to be taken. A visit to the front line at Ypres in December 1917 seemed to reinforce to Mackenzie the inaccuracies of earlier reporting. Collections Online. [11] Mackenzie, To the Fellows, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. Description. Three sets of interlocking issues are in dispute. This is too controversial a claim to be left unsubstantiated. If not at the outset, then once the offensive had bogged down for the first time, in August, or certainly once it had bogged down for the second time, in October, with winter fast approaching and any lingering hope of a breakthrough long gone? [9] Lance Captain, The Poilu, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. The French lost 120,000 men in five days. The impact of modern firepower on the physical battlefield is utterly unlike anything in the pre-modern period. All the games respawns being real people. 32 (1917): 176. The Battle of Passchendaele was not without consequences. To get forwards, the British had to take the Gheluvelt Plateau. He got the same answer every time: some day he could tell him, but not now. In 1916 the Association published the first issue of the Chronicles, which according to the magazines subtitle, were records of matters concerning the troops and gazette of patriotic efforts.. 28 (1917): 75. Now imagine every respawn is one of your friends. Passchendaele, before and after the offensive. Honour and remember New Zealand's servicemen and women. People often refer to it as the Hell of Passchendaele. The enemys use of tear gas was described as an inconvenience [which is] only temporary.[2]. The scant cables give little clue to the intensity of the struggle, the communiqus become monotonous with their perpetually successful raids at this unknown locality it is all so distant.[3]. The Second Battle of Passchendaele was the culminating attack during the Third Battle of Ypres of the First World War. The battle took place in the Ypres Salient area of the Western Front, in and around the Belgian village of Passchendaele, between 26 October and 10 November 1917. That is a hole in the side of the trench just large enough to accommodate two men and about thirty rats. At the time, a whole set of factors operated to hamstring the civilian leadership. Rarely, people choose the perfect emblems without even Is it weird that I dont open battle packs? The Battle of Passchendaele also damaged soldiers morale. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Many valuable lives were lost in brutal battles like in Ypres and Passchendaele German machine-gun bullets a better target." document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ad2eff8febb5bae2cacf3866ca8dba20" );document.getElementById("i266c0b724").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Military History Matters magazine December 2022/January 2023 is out now. 17, 2 May 1917. He had consumed a quarter of a million men. Since then, the 12th of October has become known as New Zealand's 'Darkest Day'. [5], Following a visit to the front line, Ross wrote of the torn earth, mud, slush, and brown clayey water. However, when rumours arrive nowadays they dont get the enthusiastic hearing they did two or three years ago.[10]. They had failed. The battle took place on the Western Front, from July to November 1917, for control of the ridges south and east of the Belgian city of Ypres in West Flanders, as part of a strategy decided by the Allies at conferences in November 1916 and May 1917. Motion to Take Note. Web. Theres more than one firearm in the game sir, Press J to jump to the feed. To no one's surprise, Battlefield 1 dwarfs 2042. Passchendaele, 1917 A single days fighting in the great battles of 1916 could produce more casualties than every European war of the preceding 100 years, civilian and military, combined. Any British breakthrough, on the other hand, would have had serious consequences for the Germans, who would risk losing their U-boat bases on the Belgian coast and perhaps having their grip on Belgium as a whole an industrial asset and a bargaining chip broken. Passchendaele before and after artillery bombardment, Belgium Passchendaele before and after the battle. April 2001, download word file, 3 pages This is significant because the Chronicles had a wider readership than just the New Zealand Expeditionary Force, including a large circulation at home. The government itself was not united in its opposition to the Flanders offensive, or at least not united in taking on the military high command, and Lloyd Georges political position, as the leader of a parliamentary coalition, was relatively weak. On this, there was no agreement. Magnificent architecture from medieval times was destroyed by artillery fire including the Cloth Hall built in 1214. World War I was believed at the time to be the war to end all wars. [5] Ross, The Terrible Conditions in the Last Battle, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. Passchendaele, aerial. Also, I learned people are fucking stupid animals, nationalism is one of the worst impulses of humanity, and war is never the answer, but people will continue to think it is because people are fucking stupid animals. Here's another photo, squiggly lines on the right are trenches. Passchendaele, aerial Today in History 14, on 14 March 1917. The cover of the troop magazine 'Chronicles of the NZEF', from 17 October 1917, just days after the attack on Passchendaele. [10] Mostly About the Boys, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. This cartoon was published in Vol. News from the front: Before and after Passchendaele Officially named the Third Battle of Ypres, Passchendaele took place several miles north of the town of Ypres. When all is said and done, the battle happened because Sir Douglas Haig wished it, because he controlled the necessary resources, and because no one else was in a position to halt the juggernaut he set in motion. After the failed attack at Bellevue Spur, New Zealand soldiers morale was at its lowest. Shortly after his return to London he commented, Very little is known about the war, and most people acknowledge and lament their ignorance. But at Passchendaele, army after army was thrown into the fray. But it was much worse for the British. In 2016 Jonathan Hicks published The Welsh at Mametz Wood to coincide with the centenary of that bloody engagement. All rights reserved. Readers of the Chronicles in 1916 may have found it difficult to believe the Battle of the Somme was New Zealands costliest campaign of the First World War at that time. The actual necessity or futility of the battle is still disputed to this very day. The issue was political and personal. Faces of Passchendaele He described the scene, the enemys defence was aided by execrable weather, which made our mens task humanly impossible. July 31, 1917 Passchendaele Today in History Passchendaele, before and after By the afternoon of 31st October, the field was almost clear of the casualties and dead that could be located. This question had divided patriots and pacifists from the outset, but in early 1917 the issue exploded into life with the February revolution in Russia and the April-June army mutinies in France. 33 (1917): 202. Get more from your Museum with Membership, Find out more about Auckland Museums transformation. 8 (1916): 187. It is famous for the massive number of soldiers involved, over one and a half million men, counting Germans, were involved in the three and a half months of fighting, and also for its mud. This was bizarre behaviour. Maybe Palestine? Create your own unique website with customizable templates. If I learned anything from the WW1 memorial and museum in Kansas City, it's that WW1 was a terrible thing that should never have happened, and that could have been stopped at basically any time. Il s'est engag en juin 1915 et est all en France avec l'A.V.C., avant d'tre transfr dans la R.F.A. It was necessary to draw down German forces and ease the pressure on all three major allies the French, the Russians, and the Italians. General Nivelle, the new French commander-in-chief in succession to Joffre, launched an offensive in Champagne on the Western Front in the spring proclaiming, We have a formula victory is certain.. Furthermore, in what was potentially the most dangerous development of all, the British were losing the Battle of the Atlantic, with the tonnage sunk rising from 298,000 in January 1917 to 468,000 in February, 500,000 in March, and 849,000 in April. These boil down to an argument about the nature of the war; an argument about global grand strategy; and an argument about the strategy and tactics of this particular operation. east. Plus he wanted to straighten the ( The Ypres) Salient . No strong anti-Haig/anti-Westerner military faction emerged. Just wait until humans begin to practice terraforming on Earth, that will cause all sorts of floods and wild fires. Ypres, Belgium, 1918 Date: July 31, 1917 - November 6, 1917 Battle of Passchendaele Battle of Passchendaele, also called Third Battle of Ypres, (July 31November 6, 1917), World War I An article reprinted from the troopship magazine Klink and published in the Chronicles pointed out that the events at Ypres had been misrepresented. The now non-existent village of Passchendaele reduced to a few acres of slime and rubble was to be the token of an equally non-existent victory. Incredibly, they were taken just a year apart - the first in 1916 before the bloody battle and the second in 1917 once the village had been seized by the Allies." [15] Mackenzie, The Front Revisited, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. Bottom one is interesting. So how did the First World War Austria declaired war on Serbia. 33 (1917): 207. Stories. By then, his army was paralysed by a wave of mutinies: around 40,000 men were directly involved, 68 divisions were affected, and during one two-week period the front was virtually denuded of troops. A month later, Nivelle was sacked. 3 (1916): 51. acording to this: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1325536/Aerial-photo-shows-Passchendaele-obliteration-World-War-I.html. The cover of the troop magazine 'Chronicles of the NZEF', from 17 October 1917, just days after the attack on Passchendaele. And at the end it isn't even worth it, cause we all come to the same fate. [12] Martial Sentiment, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. Here's another photo, squiggly lines on the right are trenches. British, New Zealanders Press J to jump to the feed. II, No. If this post declares something as a fact proof is required. And much effort would have been required, for great offensives were long in the planning and preparation, and the mobilisation of hundreds of thousands of men, the stockpiling of millions of shells, the building of roads and trenches and depots, the billeting and training of divisions, the massing and emplacement of guns, the whole complex logistics of modern industrialised warfare, all this created a momentum towards action. Paul Gross Passchendaele was the most successful Canadian film of 2008, reaching hundreds of thousands of viewers. "Passchendaele: Before And After" WriteWork.com. It has been the subject of interminable debate ever since, among veterans, military historians, general historians, artists and writers, and the wider public. In January 1918 he wrote, I came back with a fuller realisation than ever of all that the war means and is, and the courage and endurance with which our fellows, no longer assisted by the first romance and joyous enthusiasm of early days, stick the shells, the mud, the rain and all the horrible mechanical devices which science has brought into war. In 1914 Sir Thomas had gathered together a group of expatriates to establish the New Zealand War Contingent Association, with the aim of helping New Zealand troops at the front, those convalescing in hospital, and their families. The second event was Passchendaele a disastrous attack by New Zealand troops on Bellevue Spur in mud and relentless rain resulted in more than 3700 casualties, with 843 men killed in a few hours on 12 October alone. It is close to the town of Ypres, situated on the hill ridge separating the These photographs are stunning but what you can't see in the photograph to the right is the fertile pastureland, which had been reclaimed from marsh over the years by an elaborate drainage system. Mackenzies more harrowing tone was reflected in contributions from war correspondent Malcolm Ross. III, No. Belgiums wettest autumn in 70 years, combined with ruined drainage systems from artillery barrages meant that soldiers were often waist deep in mud. 33 (1917): 215. During this month [April], recalled Churchill, it was calculated that one in four merchant ships leaving the United Kingdom never returned. Photo Passchendaele- before and after - free printable photos This is Samantha Smith. Retrieved 03:50, November 10, 2022, from https://www.writework.com/essay/passchendaele-before-and-after. With unlimited free entry to all paid exhibitions, discounted event tickets and exclusive Member-only events, a Museum Membership is the gift that keeps on giving year-round. Your place for discussion, help, news, reviews, questions, screenshots, videos, gifs, and anything else BF1 related! Any German breakthrough in Flanders would have immediately imperilled the BEFs supply-line, which ran through the French ports on the Channel coast to England; Haigs army would have had very little room to retreat or manoeuvre if driven back beyond Ypres. I know too, that we must see that it does not occur again.[15]. Passchendaele, before and after the Third Battle of Ypres (also known as the Battle of Passchendaele, 1917). Difficulties arose through a dispute between the British Although 843 New Zealanders officially lost their lives that day, it is believed to be closer to 1,000, with 1,500 wounded. the first pic is from 1916 and the second is just [4] Mackenzie, Brave Fellows, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. The controversy has lasted a century. Read our special features, behind the scenes blogs and more. But they also point to a seemingly more relaxed attitude by the censor to what was published in the Chronicles. Imperial War Museum catalogue number Q 42918A. [13] Goreite, The Joys of Christmas in the Trenches, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. The prime minister, anyway, was distracted by other responsibilities, and even when Passchendaele occupied his attention, hesometimes seems to have been ground down by the wall of opposition he encountered. [6] Ross, The Day After the Battle, Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F., 3 no. WriteWork has over 100,000 sample papers", "I turned what i thought was a C+ paper into an A-". This is an extract from the 15-page special feature on Passchendaele, which appeared in issue 83 of Military History Monthly. Difficulties arose through a dispute between the British generals and politicians, all of whom had a different idea on the strategy of war. 31 (1917): 153. Words like splendid, triumphant, heroic, valour and courage were common. But where? It's been shelled, bombed, burned, blasted and gassed. 5.5in. Always keen to publish first-hand accounts by soldiers, Mackenzie again appealed for more material from the Front itself about conditions of life, football and other sports, experiences.[11] Not surprisingly, those accounts, from troops at the front or wounded in hospitals, were often miserable. Erik Sass is covering the events of the war exactly 100 years after they happened. Maybe the Balkans? Passchendaele: Before And After - WriteWork Therefore it was called the Great War and raged through Europe between 1914 and 1918. 2.22pm Moved by. Accounts of light-hearted and happy troops coming back from the field, telling tales so blithely of great victory[1] made no mention of the realities of life and death in the trenches, or the toll the battle would have on New Zealand. L'action en question se droulait dans le secteur de la fort de Houthulst, au nord-est du village de Passchendaele. The development of the Auckland War Memorial Museum online collection is an ongoing process; updates, new images and records are added weekly. Over 16 million were killed and another 20 million wounded while vast stretches of the Western European countryside were literally torn to pieces. III, No. And all about was the litter of war.[6]. Mackenzie was not alone in his portrayal of the Somme. Wet, miserably cold, and with little prospect of success, they did all that mortals could do to gain the German positions We, here, far away from the Front, are quiet, and stand with bowed heads in deep respect to all the brave fellows who falter under such severe conditions.[4]. Here it was usually possible to dig deep trenches and dugouts, and from here the Germans enjoyed wide views over the British lines and rear areas. 26, on 5 September 1917. Explore over 1 million records. The Ypres Salient was vital strategic ground for both sides. Exploring the past through historical photographs. Ralph Henry Sturt est n dans le Cheshire le 10/01/1897. Your email address will not be published. Passchendaele before and after the battle - Collections Online I'm sorry, but what map is this? The year 1917 was a frustrating and demoralising year for the Western powers fighting in France and Belgium. 579 votes, 22 comments. June 5, 1917: 3. Tags also make this record more findable on search. I think I know but I just want to make sure, Oh thank you, I got all that dlc late, and haven't had much time on them, Thats actually the one thing about passchendaele is its already so fucking torn apart it doesnt feel like it changes much throughout the match. 36 (1918): 288. Discuss the extent to which the Somme Offensive was a failure. Arguing that people were not properly informed about the war, Mackenzie was determined to publish a more accurate account in the Chronicles. The Second Battle of Passchendaele was the culminating attack during the Third Battle of Ypres of the First World War. Mackenzie was not alone in his portrayal of the Somme. The battle of Passchendaele began on July 31, 1917, with a huge onslaught of Allied artillery. From hardcore gamers to converts and newbies, all are welcome in /r/Battlefield_One. Other British political and military leaders agreed. The problem was that no rational military purpose was served: indeed, the effect of the capture of the Passchendaele Ridge at enormous cost was to place the forward-most British forces at the tip of a salient exposed to enemy fire from three directions. The Third Battle of Ypres or Passchendaele as it is popularly known was bitterlycontested at the highest levels of theBritish state before, during, and after it was fought. 32 (1917): 177. Only the faint outline of the road and a handful of buildings are still visible after the artillery barrage. And the military, of course, tended to close ranks against the politicians: whatever reservations some of his generals may have had, Haig could depend on the fact that few brass-hats would bleat to the frock-coats. A particularly dark cartoon imagining a soldier's plight in the afterlife was published in the Vol. His earlier flowery prose was replaced by muted tones describing the shock of the experience. Ross wrote, In the afternoon [of 12 October] the attack was broken off. Why not stop wars and try to achieve true peace? In WriteWork.com. Battle of Passchendaele The vital ground was the Gheluvelt Plateau, the south-west to north-east ridge or, rather,series of ridges, for it undulated, creating a succession of distinct defensive positions that commanded the whole of the plain to the north. Haig had fought Third Ypres in the teeth of criticism and opposition, especially from civilian politicians, but increasingly from military men as well. While home, Mackenzie followed reports of the war in the local press. Mud-stained and blood-stained, some smiling and cheerful, others thoughtful and with wan faces The infantry fought till they were exhausted, and the stretcher-bearers toiled until they were in the last stages of fatigue The weariness of the work was beyond description. Lloyd George created The convoy system , which proved successful. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts He wanted to find a way through the continent-spanning siegeworks around the territoryof the Central Powers that did not involve another onslaught on the strongest part of the line: the Western Front where the belt of defences was miles deep and tended to comprise three separate lines, each of three trenches, laced with wire, concrete bunkers, machine-gun nests, and massed artillery emplacements. July 31-August 2, 1917: Nightmare Passchendaele Positions were being consolidated and This military offensive both warned the Germans of the coming attack but it also turned the battlefield into a mess of huge craters. Un groupe de quatre mdailles M.M. de la Grande Guerre au They acknowledged the feelings of foreboding and portrayed a sense of failure and weariness. PaperNerd Contributor,High School, 10th grade, The previous year had seen meat-grinder offensives at Verdun and the Somme which, despite unprecedented casualties, had changed nothing. The British Commander-in-chief, Sir Douglas Haig, is heavily criticised by many historians for conducting the battle of attrition at the Somme, as well as those at Arras, Ypres and Passchendaele later in the war "Good news: you can turn to other's writing help. It has been the Before and after Aerial Photos of Passchendaele Bombing Some of the shell-holes had still a crimson stain. Russia did not fare well though. And before the Passchendaele Offensive ended, the division between pro- and anti-war Europe had deepened, with the October revolution in Russia and the October-November military collapse on the Italian Front. Leave The author writes, When our men were putting up a magnificent fight and holding on with a miserably thin line of soldiers and camp-followers against four, five or six times their number of adversaries, holding on and nothing more, our papers were full of a great advance in Flanders, and notable British victories.[9], But it was not just the written accounts which were being viewed more cynically as the war progressed. Passendale or Passchendaele is a rural Belgian village in the Zonnebeke municipality of West Flanders province. WW100 New Zealand's First World War Centenary Programme ran from 2014to2019. 10 (1917): 220. Battle of Passchendaele remembered in Ypres On the 12th of October, 1917, a failed attack on Bellevue Spur, part of the Passchendaele Ridge, set the scene for the death toll to come. The worst place on Earth: Images from the Battle of Lloyd George later reproached himself for his failure to do so. 1d. It is easy to imagine that Mackenzies upbeat account of the Somme was written by somebody who had not experienced the realities of war. Passchendaele This is the result of normal people following the governments non sense. Now, in 2017 he has given us a sequel, The Welsh at Passchendaele 1917 , which follows the Welsh regiments in what is known to military historians as the Third Battle of Ypres. Open now: Nature Boy: The Photography of Olaf Petersen. 3.3M subscribers in the HistoryPorn community. We have, centuries ago when we startet building wooden fleets. The mud also clogged rifles, ruined food, and rendered artillery useless. We don't want peace and equal rights for all, we want power, and WriteWork.com, 24 April, 2001. 'Somewhere in France', by T Kelsey. The period covering the honour began on 12 October 1917 as British, Australian and New-Zealand troops began the assault with a view to taking the high ground on which the village of Passchendaele was located. This is the 284th installment in the series. That museum honors those who fought, moreso than any other war memorial I've seen, because it unflinchingly rejects the bullshit lofty narratives imposed by those who would lead good people into their graves. Collections: The Universal Warrior, Part IIa: The Many Faces of Battle 35 (1918): 14-15, 21. Its popularity quickly grew from an initial print run of 1,500 copies to circulation figures of 12,000 just 10 weeks later. Passchendaele Only limited information, often much delayed, often spun by the ever-optimistic Haig, reached Whitehall. Little can be taken for granted when it comes to the truth, Read Vol IV No.43 of The Chronicles of the NZEF - Te Papa, The Terrible Toll of Passchendaele - Ng Tapuwae, Read Leonard Hart's account of the Battle of Passchendaele - NZHistory. There's still some places where almost nothing can grow as a result of the war. 30 (1917): 123. German casualties from 11 November 31 December: 15,000. 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