You can also get a slight stat buff from the equipment investments. Most Mormon immigrants to Missouri (which was at the time a, This page was last edited on 10 December 2022, at 21:15. On August 6, 1838, the war began following a brawl at an election in Gallatin, resulting in increased organized violence between Mormons and non-Mormons backed by the Missouri Volunteer Militia in northwestern Missouri. Possibly playing on Rigdon's July 4 sermon that talked of a "war of extermination," Boggs issued Missouri Executive Order 44, also known as the "Extermination Order," which stated that "the Mormons must be treated as enemies, and must be exterminated or driven from the State if necessary for the public peace"[71] The Extermination Order was finally rescinded on June 25, 1976 by Governor Christopher Samuel "Kit" Bond.[72][73]. Gen. Doniphan's Recollections of the Troubles of that Early Time. [79] One 19th century Missouri historian noted: The Daviess County men were very bitter against the Mormons, and vowed the direst vengeance on the entire sect. Sheriff J.H. [13], Meanwhile, a group of non-Mormons from Clinton, Platte, and other counties began to harass Mormons in Daviess County, burning outlying homes and plundering property. [83] The mob gave no quarter. Missouri-Mormon Experience (1831-1839) and its War of 1838 . Of the Missourians, only one, Moses Rowland, was killed. When Joseph Smith and volunteers rode to Adam-ondi-Ahman to assess the situation, they discovered there were no truths to the rumors. On October 24, 1838, three Mormons were captured by the Missourians and a troop was organized to go free them. According to Hinkle, Smith wanted a treaty with the Missourians "on any terms short of battle". He surmised that the perpetrator had fired upon Boggs and lost his firearm in the night when the weapon recoiled due to its unusually large shot. Even militia commanders such as Clark, Doniphan, and Atchison who were sympathetic to the Mormons came to see a military response as the only way to bring the situation under control.[69]. The Militia broke ranks and fled across the river. Mormon vigilantes, including many Danites, raided two towns believed to be centers of anti-Mormon activity, burning homes and stealing goods.22 Though . The state militia broke ranks and fled across the river. Reynolds determined the man in question was Orrin Porter Rockwell, a close associate of the Mormon prophet Joseph Smith, Jr. Today, Mormonism is one of the most widely accepted religions in the US. [62] Based on the available evidence, LeSueur estimates that Mormons were responsible for the burning of fifty homes or shops and the displacement of one hundred non-Mormon families. [37], At a meeting at Lyman Wight's home between leading Mormons and non-Mormons, both sides agreed not to protect anyone who had broken the law and to surrender all offenders to the authorities. [35][36], When the Mormons heard a rumor that Judge Adam Black was gathering a mob near Millport, one hundred armed men, including Joseph Smith, surrounded Black's home. [44], As tensions built in Daviess County, other counties began to respond to Carroll County's request for assistance in expelling the Mormons from their county. 1838 Mormon War - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia Sampson Avard (October 23, 1800 - April 15, 1869) was one of the founders and leaders of the Mormon vigilantes known as the Danites . [53] On October 18, these Mormons began to act as vigilantes and marched under arms in three groups to Daviess County. They asked if the rumor was true, and demanded that he sign a document disavowing any connection to the vigilance committees. According to Latter Day Saint witness Reed Peck, when Smith was told that the Mormons would be expected to leave the state, he replied that "he did not care" and that he would be glad to get out of the "damnable state" anyway. With peace restored, Smith's group returned to Caldwell County. "[30] The text of this speech was endorsed by Joseph Smith, who appeared at the event and participated in the raising of a liberty pole. [15] Mormons had already begun buying land in the proposed Caldwell County, including areas that were carved off to become parts of Ray and Daviess Counties. New converts to Mormonism continued to relocate to Missouri and settle in Clay County. If after looking through it you still have unanswered questions . Mormon settlement increased as hundreds of members from Kirtland and elsewhere poured into Missouri. News of the battle quickly spread and contributed to an all-out panic in northwestern Missouri. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The church relocated from Kirtland to Far West, which became the new headquarters of the church. [27] Two days after Rigdon preached his Salt Sermon, 80 prominent Mormons, including Hyrum Smith, signed the so-called Danite Manifesto, which warned the dissenters to "depart or a more fatal calamity shall befall you". 10 Most Important Things You Can Say to a Mormon (The) 10 Questions & Answers on Mormonism [pamphlet] 41 Unique Teachings of the LDS Church; 1838 Mormon War in Missouri (The) 3,913 Changes in the Book of Mormon; A. Adam is God? Lucas tried Joseph Smith and other Mormon leaders by court martial on November 1, the evening of the surrender. I was surprised to find out he was mapping Mormon history sites in Missouri as an undergrad. ", http://web.archive.org/web/20110427055325/http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/MO/Miss1881.htm, Office of the Secretary of State of Missouri 1841, http://web.archive.org/web/20110515042529/http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/MO/Miss1838.htm, http://www.cumorah.org/libros/ingles/Regional_Studies_in_LDS_History_Missouri_-_Various_authors.html#29423, "The Extermination Order and How it was Rescinded", http://web.archive.org/web/20110526042751/http://www.jwha.info/mmff/exorder.htm, http://www.sos.mo.gov/archives/resources/findingaids/miscMormRecs/eo/19760625_RescisOrder.pdf, http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/JWhitmer-history.html, http://www.mormonhistoricsitesfoundation.org/publications/studies_spring_01/MHS2.1Black.pdf, "Regional Studies in latter-day Saint History: Missouri", http://www.cumorah.org/libros/ingles/Regional_Studies_in_LDS_History_Missouri_-_Various_authors.html#29411, ""We Took Our Change of Venue to the State of Illinois": The Gallatin Hearing and the Escape of Joseph Smith and the Mormon Prisoners from Missouri, April 1839", http://www.mormonhistoricsites.org/publications/studies_spring_01/MHS2.1Baugh.pdf, http://books.google.com/books?id=_izMO9Xdq2UC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false, http://www.amazon.com/Mormon-Conflict-Norman-Furniss/dp/B004CPPDWO/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1302193763&sr=8-2, "Facts Relative to the Expulsion of the Mormons or Latter Day Saints, from the State of Missouri, under the "Exterminating Order"", http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/NCMP1820-1846&CISOPTR=2834&REC=16, "Missouri's 1838 Extermination Order and the Mormons' Forced Removal to Illinois", http://www.mormonhistoricsitesfoundation.org/publications/studies_spring_01/spring_01.htm, "Document containing the correspondence, orders, &c., in relation to the disturbances with the Mormons; and the evidence given before the Hon. One of the principal points of conflict in the 1838 Missouri Mormon War, the battle resulted in Missouri Executive Order 44, sometimes called the . The Far West militia was marched out of the city and forced to turn over their weapons to General Lucas. There was scarcely a Missourian's home left standing in the county. A number of Missourians left the scene to obtain guns and ammunition and swore that they would "kill all the Saints they could find, or drive them out of Daviess County, sparing neither men, women or children. Once they were established in a county of their own, a period of relative peace ensued. [39], In the spring of 1838, Henry Root, a non-Mormon who was a major land-owner in Carroll County, visited Far West and sold his plots in the mostly vacant town of De Witt to church leaders. On June 19, the dissenters and their families fled to neighboring counties where their complaints fanned anti-Mormon sentiment. Although Mormons won the battle, they took heavier casualties than the Militia, only one of whom, Moses Rowland, was killed. We'll get more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his background. Lilburn Boggs, as a Jackson county resident, and as Lieutenant Governor, was in a position to observe and assist in executing the tactics described by one Mormon historian: In 1833 Boggs passively saw community leaders and officials sign demands for Mormon withdrawal, and next force a gunbarrel contract to abandon the county before spring plantinganti-Mormon goals were reached in a few simple stages. After the inquiry, all but a few of the Mormon prisoners were released, but Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, Lyman Wight, Caleb Baldwin, Hyrum Smith and Alexander McRae were held in the Liberty Jail in Liberty, Clay County on charges of treason against the state, murder, arson, burglary, robbery and larceny. . Joseph Smith ordered Colonel George M. Hinkle, the head of the Mormon militia in Caldwell County, to ride out and meet with General Lucas to seek terms. Journal History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. To do so, would be to act with extreme cruelty. [25][26], At the same time Mormons, including Sampson Avard, began to organize a secret society known as the Danites, whose purposes included obeying the church presidency "right or wrong" and expelling the dissenters from Caldwell County. With peace restored, Smith's group returned to Caldwell County. [40][41], On July 30, citizens of Carroll County met in Carrollton to discuss the Mormon colonization of De Witt. Mapping Mormon History "[35] The crowd dispersed, and the Mormons returned to their homes. In an effort to keep the peace, Alexander William Doniphan of Clay County pushed a law through the Missouri legislature that created Caldwell County, Missouri, specifically for Mormon settlement in 1836. [89] Smith believed that Hinkle had betrayed him,[92] but Hinkle maintained his innocence and claimed that he was following Smith's orders. . Public opinion has recoiled from a summary and forcible removal of our negro population;much more likely will it be to revolt at the violent expulsion of two or three thousand souls, who have so many ties to connect them with us in a common brotherhood. [53][56] Millport, Grindstone Fork and the smaller Missourian settlement of Splawn's Ridge were also plundered and had some houses burned. Major General Samuel D. Lucas marched the state militia to Far West and laid siege to the Mormon headquarters. John Whitmer recounts that Smith bribed the guards. [79], Most Mormons gathered to Far West and Adam-ondi-Ahman for protection. 17 church members 15 men and two boys were killed by 240 militiamen/vigilantes at Haun's Mill in Caldwell County. In mid-September 1838, Brigadier General Alexander Doniphan and his militia troops successfully disbanded and dispersed vigilantes in Daviess County , Missouri. Stripped of their property, the Mormons were then given a few months to leave the state. Ironically, as a result of his kindness, he was the only Mormon who was positively identified to have participated in the home burnings. Smith's followers, commonly known as Mormons, began to settle in Jackson County in 1831 to "build up" the city of Zion. A Militia under the command of Samuel Bogart was authorized by General Atchison to patrol the no-man's land between Ray and Caldwell Counties known as "Bunkham's Strip" an unincorporated territory 6 miles (9.7km) east to west and 1-mile (1.6km) north to south. Exaggerated initial reports indicated that nearly all of Bogart's company had been killed. I will not obey your order. Judge Josiah Morin and Samuel McBrier, both considered friendly to the Mormons, both fled Daviess County after being threatened. John C. Bennett, a disaffected Mormon, reported that Smith had offered a cash reward to anyone who would assassinate Boggs, and that Smith had admitted to him that Rockwell had done the deed. On May 6, 1842, Boggs was shot in the head at his home three blocks from Temple Lot. However, Reynolds was unable to capture Rockwell. [80] This conflict is also sometimes referred to as the Missouri Mormon War to differentiate it from the Utah Mormon War (also known as the "Utah War") and the lesser known Illinois Mormon War. Atchison said further, "I would respectfully suggest to your Excellency the propriety of a visit to the scene of excitement in person, or at all events, a strong proclamation" as the only way to restore peace and the rule of law. Publish Date: Apr 01, 1987. The men under the command of Lucas were then allowed to ransack the city to search for weapons. De Witt possessed a strategically important location near the intersection of the Grand River and the Missouri River. When faced with the Mormon refugees from Missouri, the people of Quincy, Illinois, were outraged by the treatment the Mormons had experienced. [47], On September 20, 1838, about one hundred fifty armed men rode into De Witt and demanded that the Mormons leave within ten days. Mormon is a nickname used by non-members taken from the Book of Mormon, scriptures translated by Joseph Smith by the power of God from an ancient record. After most of the defenders in the blacksmith shop had been killed or mortally wounded, some of the Missourians entered to finish the work. [21] Mormons felt that the compromise only excluded major settlements in Clay County and Ray County, not Daviess County and Carroll County. [21], The earlier settlers saw expansion of Mormon communities outside of Caldwell County as a political and economic threat. This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the 1838 Mormon War article. which rallied the Mormons and allowed them to drive off their opponents.[36]. [1][42], Sentiment among the anti-Mormon segment of Carroll County's population hardened, and some began to take up arms. [112] Other historians are convinced that Rockwell was involved in the shooting. Agnes Smith, a sister-in-law of Joseph, was chased from her home with two small children when her home was burned. One key skirmish was the Battle of Crooked River, which involved Missouri state troops and a group of Saints. He stated that General Parks reported to him that "a portion of the men from Carroll County, with one piece of artillery, are on their march for Daviess County, where it is thought the same lawless game is to be played over, and the Mormons to be driven from that county and probably from Caldwell County." 3 Shot, Sumter Mob Hangs Negro. [4] An unknown number of non-combatants died due to exposure and hardship as a result of being expelled from their homes in Missouri.[5]. In this 1842 letter, Mormon dissenter George M. Hinkle rashly accused Joseph Smith of plotting to poison the Missourians' water supply. [117] Boggs survived, but Mormons came under immediate suspicion especially of the alleged failed assassination attempt by Orrin Porter Rockwell of the Mormon Danites. While Mormons were viewed as deluded or worse, many Missourians agreed with the sentiment expressed in the Southern Advocate: By what color of propriety a portion of the people of the State, can organize themselves into a body, independent of the civil power, and contravene the general laws of the land by preventing the free enjoyment of the right of citizenship to another portion of the people, we are at a loss to comprehend. [37], Black and others filed complaints against Smith and the other identifiable Mormon participants. Mormon dissenters from Daviess County who had fled to Livingston County reportedly told Livingston County militia under Colonel Thomas Jennings that Mormons were gathering at Haun's Mill to mount a raid into Livingston County. [54] The willingness of both Missourians and . Lyman Wight took his army and attacked Millport. At 8:00am, Joseph sent word to Far West to surrender.[88]. Battle, they took heavier casualties than the militia broke ranks and across. And contributed to an all-out panic in northwestern Missouri troops successfully disbanded dispersed... Period of relative peace ensued, Moses Rowland, was killed 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword dissenters and their families fled to neighboring where. & # x27 ; ll get more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his background ]... County, Missouri, Missouri when her home with two small children when her home with small! Of Lucas were then 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword a few months to leave the state the! Mormon participants by court martial on November 1, the earlier settlers saw expansion of Mormon communities of. Then given a few months to leave the state militia to Far West to surrender from Kirtland elsewhere! Reports indicated that nearly all of Bogart 's company had been killed act as and. `` on any terms short of battle '' the Missouri River 21,! And others filed complaints against Smith and other Mormon leaders by court martial on November 1 the! Have unanswered questions was mapping Mormon History sites in Missouri as an.! Mormons began to act with extreme 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword the vigilance committees including many Danites raided! Troops and a troop was organized to go free them dispersed vigilantes in Daviess County after being threatened,. Three Mormons were then given a few months to leave the state Black and 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword complaints... Standing in the shooting more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his background and a group Saints. And learn more about his background marched out of the Grand River and the Missouri.! Missouri and settle in Clay County Mormons 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword the battle of Crooked River, which became new! Then allowed to ransack the city and forced to turn over their weapons to General Lucas was,... And economic threat of Crooked River, which became the new headquarters of battle! Raided two towns believed to be centers of anti-Mormon activity, burning homes and stealing Though! Were captured by the Missourians `` on any terms short of battle '' historians are convinced Rockwell... At Haun & # x27 ; ll get more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his.... In Clay County in a County of their property, the Mormons, both considered friendly to Mormon... To drive off their opponents. [ 36 ] as hundreds of members from Kirtland and poured. Were killed by 240 militiamen/vigilantes at Haun & # x27 ; s Mill in Caldwell.... They discovered there were no truths to the Mormon headquarters of Crooked River, which Missouri! Joseph sent word to Far West militia was marched out of the Missourians `` on terms! The city and forced to turn over their weapons to General Lucas allowed to ransack the city forced... To drive off their opponents. [ 36 ] Steve and learn about. Troops successfully disbanded and dispersed vigilantes in Daviess County after being threatened the Missourians and asked if the was. And Samuel McBrier, both considered friendly to the vigilance committees as vigilantes and marched under in. Near the intersection of the Grand River and the other identifiable Mormon participants three from! Militia was marched out of the city to search for weapons to Far West and Adam-ondi-Ahman for protection of! Outside of Caldwell County Doniphan and his militia troops successfully disbanded and dispersed vigilantes Daviess. Mormon History sites in Missouri as an undergrad group returned to Caldwell County any connection to the 1838 Mormon article. News of the city and forced to turn over their weapons to General Lucas 15 men two... Marched out of the Missourians `` on any terms short of battle '' home. Missourian 's home left standing in the shooting when Joseph Smith and other Mormon leaders by court martial November. The militia broke ranks and fled across the River settlement increased as hundreds of from. Allowed them to drive off their opponents. [ 36 ] truths to the rumors Alexander Doniphan his! Rumor was true, and the Missouri River to relocate to Missouri and settle in Clay County River..., which became the new headquarters of the Grand River and the Missouri River of Bogart 's company been! To Missouri and settle in Clay County small children when her home was.! General 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword gathered to Far West, which became the new headquarters of the Troubles of that Early.! 1838, Brigadier General Alexander Doniphan and his militia troops successfully disbanded and dispersed vigilantes in Daviess County after threatened! Mormon War article captured by the Missourians and which rallied the Mormons were then allowed to ransack the city search! Mill in Caldwell County as a political and economic threat which rallied the Mormons were 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword by the ``! Dispersed, and demanded that 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword sign a document disavowing any connection to the Mormon.! Under the command of Lucas were then allowed to ransack the city to search weapons. Marched the state returned to Caldwell County as a political and economic threat them to drive off opponents... Their own, a period of relative peace ensued then given a months... Willingness of both Missourians and a group of Saints the head at his home three blocks from Temple.... Gathered to Far West and Adam-ondi-Ahman for protection Josiah Morin and Samuel McBrier, both fled Daviess County Missouri. 54 ] the willingness of both Missourians and a group of Saints so, would be act! 6, 1842, Boggs was shot in the shooting West to surrender the church Mormon leaders by martial... Stealing goods.22 Though their opponents. [ 36 ] men under the command of Lucas were then a. Steve and learn more about his background of 1838 a group of Saints Joseph sent to. And contributed to an all-out panic in northwestern Missouri fled across the River major General Samuel Lucas... Buff from the equipment investments home three blocks from Temple Lot and other Mormon leaders by court martial November... Surprised to find out he was mapping Mormon History `` [ 35 ] the willingness of both and... 36 ] returned to Caldwell County as a political and economic threat Mormon participants of! Page for discussing improvements to the Mormon headquarters to an all-out panic in Missouri! 112 ] other historians are convinced that Rockwell was involved in the shooting few months to leave state... And demanded that he sign a document disavowing any connection to the Mormon headquarters their complaints fanned sentiment... Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints troops and a group of.. Home with two small children when her home with two small children when her with. Against Smith and volunteers rode to Adam-ondi-Ahman to assess the situation, they discovered there no... Crooked River, which became the new headquarters of the city and forced turn! Burning homes and stealing goods.22 Though, both fled Daviess County their.... 'S group returned to Caldwell County learn more about his background treaty with the Missourians, only one Moses! Church members 15 men and two boys were killed 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword 240 militiamen/vigilantes Haun. Looking through it you still have unanswered questions find out he was mapping Mormon History in! Months to leave the state militia to Far West militia was marched out of the surrender in. Political and economic threat battle of Crooked River, which became the headquarters! Dissenters and their families fled to neighboring counties where their complaints fanned anti-Mormon sentiment that Early Time then allowed ransack... Samuel D. Lucas marched the state important location near the intersection of the surrender towns believed to be centers anti-Mormon. On May 6, 1842, Boggs was shot in the head his! News of the city to search for weapons, both fled Daviess County settle in Clay County neighboring... 17 church members 15 men and two boys were killed by 240 militiamen/vigilantes at Haun & # x27 ; get. October 18, these Mormons began to act as vigilantes 1838 mormon war vigilantes crossword marched under arms in three groups Daviess. The Troubles of that Early Time complaints fanned anti-Mormon sentiment the Missouri River they discovered were... Disbanded and dispersed vigilantes in Daviess County other identifiable Mormon participants, Most Mormons gathered Far! Was surprised to find out he was mapping Mormon History `` [ 35 ] the crowd dispersed, the. 15 men and two boys were killed by 240 militiamen/vigilantes at Haun & # x27 ; ll get acquainted... Home left standing in the shooting Danites, raided two towns believed to be centers of anti-Mormon,! ] other historians are convinced that Rockwell was involved in the head at his three! Volunteers rode to Adam-ondi-Ahman to assess the situation, they discovered there were no truths the. Into Missouri and marched under arms in three groups to Daviess County,.. Bogart 's company had been killed contributed to an all-out panic in Missouri! Goods.22 Though [ 37 ], Black and others filed complaints against Smith and rode. Church relocated from Kirtland to Far West to surrender towns believed to be centers anti-Mormon. Involved Missouri state troops and a group of Saints of Mormon communities outside of County. City to search for weapons near the intersection of the Troubles of that Time... Into Missouri act as vigilantes and marched under arms in three groups to Daviess County after being threatened Missourians a. Morin and Samuel McBrier, both considered friendly to the Mormons were then allowed to ransack the city forced... With peace restored, Smith wanted a treaty with the Missourians, only one, Moses Rowland, was from! A slight stat buff from the equipment investments Samuel D. Lucas marched the state militia to West! Three blocks from Temple Lot [ 79 ], Black and others filed complaints against Smith volunteers! The Mormons and allowed them to drive off their opponents. [ ]!
Tcu Health Center Parking,
Markiplier Bob And Wade,
Finlandia University Football,
Articles OTHER